Understanding Sudden Hearing Loss: Causes, Symptoms, and What to Do

Source: Karolina Grabowska

Hearing is one of our most precious senses, allowing us to connect with the world around us. However, there are instances when this vital sense can be compromised, and one such condition is sudden hearing loss. Sudden hearing loss, also known as sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), can be a frightening experience. In this blog post, we will explore the causes, symptoms, and what to do if you or a loved one encounters sudden hearing loss.

What is Sudden Hearing Loss?

Sudden hearing loss is defined as a rapid decline in hearing ability that occurs within a span of 72 hours or less. This condition typically affects one ear, but it can occur in both ears simultaneously in rare cases. SSNHL can be either partial or complete, ranging from mild to profound hearing impairment. It is crucial to seek immediate medical attention if you suspect sudden hearing loss, as early intervention can significantly impact recovery.

Common Causes of Sudden Hearing Loss

The exact cause of SSNHL is often challenging to determine, and in many cases, it remains idiopathic (unknown). However, several potential causes and contributing factors have been identified:

  1. Viral Infections: Viral infections, such as the herpes simplex virus, can lead to sudden hearing loss by affecting the inner ear.
  2. Vascular Issues: Problems with blood circulation to the inner ear can cause SSNHL. This may include issues like blood clots or compromised blood vessels.
  3. Autoimmune Diseases: Some autoimmune disorders, like autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED), can trigger sudden hearing loss.
  4. Trauma: Head injuries, loud noise exposure, or barotrauma (pressure changes, like during scuba diving or air travel) can damage the inner ear and result in SSNHL.
  5. Medications: Certain medications, such as some antibiotics and chemotherapy drugs, have been linked to sudden hearing loss as a potential side effect.

Recognising the Symptoms

The symptoms of sudden hearing loss can vary from person to person, but common signs include:

  • Rapid Hearing Decline: A noticeable and sudden decrease in hearing ability, often in one ear.
  • Fullness or Pressure: A sensation of fullness or pressure in the affected ear.
  • Tinnitus: Ringing, buzzing, or hissing sounds in the affected ear.
  • Dizziness or Vertigo: Some individuals may experience dizziness or a spinning sensation.

Seeking Immediate Help

If you or someone you know experiences sudden hearing loss, it is crucial to act swiftly:

  1. Contact a Healthcare Provider: Seek immediate medical attention from an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist, hospital emergency department or audiologist. Early intervention with treatments like corticosteroids can improve the chances of recovery.
  2. Avoid Delay: Do not delay treatment, as the window of opportunity for effective intervention is typically limited to the first few days.
  3. Stay Calm: Managing the emotional impact of sudden hearing loss is essential. Support from friends, family, and mental health professionals can help cope with the emotional challenges.

Conclusion

Sudden hearing loss can be a frightening and disorienting experience. With prompt medical attention and the right treatment, recovery is possible. If you or someone you know experiences sudden hearing loss, do not hesitate to seek immediate help. At Twin Waters Pharmacy, we understand the importance of your hearing health and can assist you in finding the right medical professionals and resources to address your condition. Remember, early intervention is the key to a successful recovery.